Small Polyp Stony (SPS) corals represent the pinnacle of reef keeping for many hobbyists. Their vivid colors, intricate branching structures, and dynamic polyp extension make them endlessly captivating. However, they are also the most demanding corals you can keep, requiring stable, high-quality water and consistent lighting.
Water Parameters
SPS corals thrive in the following parameter ranges:
- Temperature: 76–78°F (24–26°C)
- Salinity: 1.025–1.026 specific gravity
- Alkalinity: 8–9 dKH
- Calcium: 420–440 ppm
- Magnesium: 1300–1400 ppm
- Nitrate: 1–5 ppm
- Phosphate: 0.03–0.08 ppm
Lighting Requirements
SPS corals typically require high-intensity lighting with a spectrum in the 14,000–20,000K range. LED fixtures from reputable brands like Radion, Hydra, or Orphek are popular choices. Aim for PAR values between 250–400+ depending on the species.
Flow
Strong, random, turbulent water flow is essential for SPS health. Powerheads with controllable flow patterns, like the Vortech or Gyre, work well. Aim for 50–100x tank volume per hour of turnover.
Acclimation Tips
When introducing a new SPS coral, place it lower in the tank initially and gradually raise it over several weeks. This gives the coral time to adjust to your system's light and flow without bleaching.
Start with hardier species like Acropora millepora or Montipora capricornis before attempting rare collectors' pieces. Patience and consistency are the keys to SPS success.